Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) in Grass North Carolina

Description

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) is a warm-season grass known for its dense growth, fine texture, and ability to withstand heat, drought, and foot traffic. It’s commonly used for lawns, golf courses, and sports fields in regions with hot summers.

Description:

Appearance:

• Zoysiagrass features fine-textured, narrow blades that form a dense, carpet-like turf.
• It has a lush green color during the growing season and may turn brown in color during dormancy in cooler months.

Growth Habit:

• Zoysiagrass has a slow growth rate compared to other warm-season grasses but forms a thick, weed-resistant turf once established.
• It spreads laterally through above-ground stolons and below-ground rhizomes, creating a dense, interlocking mat.

Climate:

• Thrives in warm, temperate climates and performs best in regions with hot summers and mild winters.
• Zoysiagrass is well-suited to the southern United States but can also be grown in some transitional climate zones.

Sun Requirements:

• Prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade, though it may become thin and sparse in heavily shaded areas.
• Performs best in areas with ample sunlight to support vigorous growth.

Drought Tolerance:

• Zoysiagrass exhibits excellent drought tolerance once established, thanks to its deep root system and ability to store water in its tissues.
• Requires less frequent watering compared to cool-season grasses, making it an ideal choice for water-wise landscapes.

Planting Instructions:

1. Site Preparation:

• Choose a planting site with well-drained soil and ample sunlight. Zoysiagrass prefers sandy or loamy soil but can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including clay and alkaline soils.
• Prepare the planting area by clearing the site of any existing vegetation, weeds, rocks, and debris.
• Loosen the soil to a depth of 4 to 6 inches using a garden fork, tiller, or similar tool to improve soil structure and promote root growth.

2. Sodding or Plugging:

• Zoysiagrass is commonly established from sod or plugs. Sodding provides instant coverage, while plugging requires more time for the grass to spread and fill in.
• For sodding, lay Zoysiagrass sod in a staggered pattern, ensuring good contact with the soil. Roll the sod to eliminate air pockets and promote root-to-soil contact.
• For plugging, plant Zoysiagrass plugs spaced about 6 to 12 inches apart across the prepared area. Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil and encourage root establishment.

3. Watering:

• Keep the newly planted Zoysiagrass sod or plugs consistently moist until the grass establishes, usually within 2 to 3 weeks.
• Water deeply and infrequently to encourage deep root growth. Once established, Zoysiagrass requires less frequent watering but should be irrigated during dry periods to prevent stress.

4. Fertilization:

• Apply a starter fertilizer at the time of planting to promote root development and establishment.
• After the grass has established, follow a regular fertilization schedule based on soil test recommendations or general guidelines for warm-season grasses.

5. Mowing:

• Begin mowing Zoysiagrass when it reaches a height of 1.5 to 2 inches. Set the mower blade to a height of 0.5 to 1 inch and mow regularly to maintain the desired height.
• Zoysiagrass can be mowed shorter for a manicured appearance but should not be scalped, as this can damage the turf.

6. Maintenance:

• Zoysiagrass requires regular maintenance to keep it healthy and attractive. This includes watering during periods of drought, occasional mowing to maintain a uniform height, and periodic dethatching or aerating to promote healthy growth.
• Monitor the lawn for pests, diseases, and other issues, and take appropriate action as needed to preserve turf health and appearance.